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Chapter 19: Vorticella

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Fig. 0a: Vorticella cells
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Fig. 0b: light micrographs of Vorticella microstoma
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Fig. 1a: Vorticella convallaria cytosol and food vacuoles
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Fig. 1b: scopular zone and stalk in cross section
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Fig. 1c: stalk with spasmoneme
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Fig. 1d: beginning of perioral cilia
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Fig. 1e: cytopharynx, perioral cilia and peristome cilia
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Fig. 1f: perioral opening and peristome connected to cytopharynx
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Fig. 1g: peristomal connection to the cytopharynx
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Fig. 1h: micronucleus and contractile vacuole’s opening to peristome
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Fig. 1i: contractile vacuole, micronucleus and CV pore
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Fig. 1j: myoneme is linked to perioral membranelles
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Fig. 1k: opening of peristome to perioral chamber
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Fig. 2: cytosol containing ER, dictyosomes, and mitochondria
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Fig. 3: pellicle and pellicular pore
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Fig. 4: Vorticella microstoma-freeze fractured pellicle
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Fig. 5: freeze fracture of Ppm, Eoam, Eiam and connections between alveolar membranes
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Fig. 6: mitochondria contain filament bundles
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Fig. 7: micronucleus
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Fig. 8: macronucleus
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Fig. 9: polysomes attached to outer nuclear membrane
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Fig. 10: dictyosomes give rise to primary lysosomes
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Fig. 11: primary lysosomes arise as clathrin-coated cupulas from Golgi cisternae
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Fig. 12: cupulas fuse with food vacuoles
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Fig. 13: the dense lining of cupulas is added to a food vacuole membrane
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Fig. 14: docking and fusion sites of cupulas with a food vacuole
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Fig. 15: cytostome and cytopharynx region
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Fig. 16: cytopharynx with lamellar microtubules and linked vesicles
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Fig. 17: surface of Vorticella convallaria and myonemal bands
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Fig. 18: linkage complexes between ER and myoneme
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Fig. 19: planar view of linkage complex
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Fig. 20: fibers from mid piece of linkage complex
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Fig. 21: detail of linkage complexes and cilia in cross section
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Fig. 22: drawing of linkage complex that binds ER to myonemes
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Fig. 23: freeze fracture of ER-myoneme interface
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Fig. 24: precontractile vacuole chamber with bacteria
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Fig. 25: contractile vacuole pore
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Fig. 26: cross section through CV pore
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Fig. 27: spongiome of CVC has traces of decorated tubules
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Fig. 28: myonemes converge to form spasmoneme
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Fig. 29: scopula is encircled by modified cilia and sheath
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Fig. 30: scopula with spasmoneme and embedded ER tubules
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Fig. 31: modified basal bodies of stalk are linked to mid pieces of spasmoneme
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Fig. 32: elements of linkage complex in spasmoneme
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Fig. 33: spasmonemal attachment to hold fast
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Fig. 34: myonemes contain centrin